My Graduation Thesis is bout the how the multinational corporations in developing countries affect the nature environment and economic environment at the same time, from all the research I did; I found that for some of the companies, the profit they brought is even smaller than the damage they did.
Now it is a hot topic in China about the greenhouse gas emissions. In my opinion, that it is kind of long-term loan, we are borrowing nature resources in the future and using it now. At the end, we need to pay back anyway, the point is can we create the enough benefit to pay the interest.
For most of the developing countries, such as India, Brazil, and China, greenhouse gas emissions is unavoidable. There are millions of people is living on the industries which are highly related to greenhouse gas.
I am not saying the developing countries don’t have duty to the environmental problems. In fact, as what I mentioned before, it is a hot topic in China now. We are working on it.
But on the other side, the developing countries have not enjoyed the 100 year fossil fuel orgy that the developed world has enjoyed and exploited to grow their economies. For this reason, it is unfair for the US or Europe to dictate the means by which the developing world chooses to stimulate their growth.
Every country has duty to global environment. But you can’t ask developing countries to pay the interest of developed countries.
2009年12月11日星期五
comments for India’s Automotive Sales Skyrocket!
http://calpolymbatrip.com/2009/china/india%e2%80%99s-automotive-sales-skyrocket/#comment-17232
Very interesting and well written article. I have read a similar article about the automotive industry in China. I can find a lot of common places about this kind of industry in developing country.
There is no double that the growth of automotive industry is an indication of India’s economic growth, but I do think the Indian automakers affect the world automotive industry a lot.
The reason for the companies struggling with their business is the economic downturn in Europe and the US.
I am not very familiar with this industry, but from what I know the automotive companies in developing country are highly dominated by the big companies. Even for 100% domestic companies, they can’t compete with the big companies from USA or Europe alone; instead they switch their target to low cost normal quality market, such as some African countries.
So I guess this is the same situation India has.
Very interesting and well written article. I have read a similar article about the automotive industry in China. I can find a lot of common places about this kind of industry in developing country.
There is no double that the growth of automotive industry is an indication of India’s economic growth, but I do think the Indian automakers affect the world automotive industry a lot.
The reason for the companies struggling with their business is the economic downturn in Europe and the US.
I am not very familiar with this industry, but from what I know the automotive companies in developing country are highly dominated by the big companies. Even for 100% domestic companies, they can’t compete with the big companies from USA or Europe alone; instead they switch their target to low cost normal quality market, such as some African countries.
So I guess this is the same situation India has.
comments for Taxes in America and the Effect on the Global Economy
http://calpolymbatrip.com/2009/china/taxes-in-america-and-the-effect-on-the-global-economy/#comments
it is very interesting for me to read this article, you explain that how the americans affect the global economy, and the crrent situation of the USA economy. All the analysis are very thoughful.
“What is good for India’s economic and job stimulus isn’t necessarily bad for America. Indeed if such a process benefits an American company, it will allow them to grow, and do more business in America. Even if they don’t pay taxes on the money which they make doing business in other places, it will still increase tax revenue in America as these business are allowed to grow. ” I totally agree with this part.
it is very interesting for me to read this article, you explain that how the americans affect the global economy, and the crrent situation of the USA economy. All the analysis are very thoughful.
“What is good for India’s economic and job stimulus isn’t necessarily bad for America. Indeed if such a process benefits an American company, it will allow them to grow, and do more business in America. Even if they don’t pay taxes on the money which they make doing business in other places, it will still increase tax revenue in America as these business are allowed to grow. ” I totally agree with this part.
2009年12月9日星期三
Book review of The Post-American World
Overview
It is always interesting and for me, a Chinese, to read this kind of book which talks about how the world has been changed by “the rise of the rest” (China, India, etc).
In his book, Zakaria describes with equal prescience a world in which the United States will no longer dominate the global economy, orchestrate geopolitics, or overwhelm cultures. He sees the "rise of the rest"—the growth of countries like China, India, Brazil, Russia, and many others—as the great story of our time, and one that will reshape the world. The tallest buildings, biggest dams, largest-selling movies, and most advanced cell phones are all being built outside the United States. This economic growth is producing political confidence, national pride, and potentially international problems. How should the United States understand and thrive in this rapidly changing international climate? What does it mean to live in a truly global era? Zakaria answers these questions from his view in the book.
At the beginning of the book, Zakaria uses the context of world history to support his idea, He demonstrate that in the last five hundred years, the strengths and shortcomings of past superpowers and how they came to be superpowers. Then Zakaria switch to a point that power is shifting from the United States (and the West in general) to be distributed across a plethora of developing countries, including China, India, Brazil, Russia as well as various non-governmental organizations. Zakaria believes that China and India are quickly becoming major global players. China’s economy is growing at an astronomical rate, mainly due to the Communist government that has the ability to make policies quickly and implement them even faster. However, in the long run, politics and society may hold China back for several years before it has the ability to outrun the United States in the global race.
In this part, Zakaria poses an interesting theory. He says that the rise of “the rest” is largely due to the fact that America for the past decades has gone around the world, touting the benefits of its own methods and ideologies like capitalism and democracy. But, now that it has finally succeeded in globalizing the world with its ideas, it has “forgotten to globalize itself” and is increasingly suspicious of the success of other countries.
What I noticed is that Zakaria uses an example that the same trend in China in the early centuries of the millennium, which closed its doors to the outside world’s thoughts and innovations, dooming itself to fall behind the West in later centuries to explain the situation to America’s current behavior of egocentrism.
After that He continues to explain that many of the United States’ problems can be attributed to ignorance of the rise of countries like China and India, mainly by the government’s ignorance. He encourages U.S. policy makers to recognize these changes and then learn to compromise with other nations to overcome its’ own shear greatness of power.
In the last part of his book, Zakaria focuses on how the USA should use its power. He gives the point that U.S. must adapt its seemingly imperialistic mindset to one of integration and collaboration with other rising nations, including China and India. He even provides six general guidelines on how American power should be used in the new world, this post-American world.
Strengths
The “rise of the rest” is a very hot topic in the USA; this book is very relevant and very practical.
In my opinion, a great part of The Post-American World is that it is easy to read.
All these examples have sufficient detail and supporting documentation to make examples credible and informative, and therefore, the reader needs little knowledge of history to understand Zakaria’s arguments.
Zakaria’s style and approach to presenting his ideas are vivid. This is most likely due to his background and profession as a journalist in which his purpose is to appeal to the general public.
Another great part of this book is that in most of the books, when writer mentioned the economic examples, they are always only hard numbers, but in this book Zakaria does not neglect anthropological factors like culture, religion, and worldview. He provides a good overview of historical analogs in his analysis with all these factors.
For example, he use “close doors” example which happened in China and links it to the situation to America’s current behavior of egocentrism. For readers, it is much easier to get the writer’s idea.
Weakness
Though this book has a lot of significant strengths, it may have some bias.
From the writer’s political positions, at the first place, he labeled China as the hostile forces, just because of communism. I know this is the mainstream idea of the west world, but when economics is affected by the politics at the same time politics are affected by economics too. And I haven’t seen any analysis in this book.
Another weakness is that at the last part of the book, Zakaria provides “six simple guidelines”. Maybe because it is in the final chapter, I think there is not enough discussion about this part, “six simple guidelines” could be the whole conclusion of the book, I think Zakaria should really focus on it.
Final Thoughts
I think “The Post-American World” is a great book, it give a very vivid picture of what the United States and the west has to expect in the upcoming decades, particularly when dealing with China and India.
In fact, we can see the whole idea from the first sentence of the book, “This is a book not about the decline of America but rather about the rise of everyone else”.
As a foreign student in the USA, the topics about international relations have always been very interesting to me. Zakaria is Bombay-born immigrant, so maybe sometime his tone will make me a little uncomfortable for me, but his idea has a lot of shining places.
I am a big fan of Chinese and Indian history, so most of the examples in this book are very familiar for me. It is the first time that I read history in terms of power-shifts which is written by a foreign. I can see different thoughts form the same history because of different worldviews.
Back to the book itself, this book is very relevant and very practical for the USA now.
Again, for example, from the “close door” example in China (this example really impress me), this book can give more thinking for Americans about how they should do in the similar situation. I think it will be a strategy that is open to and willing to borrow ideas from other countries and It will also be a strategy that acknowledges the “rise of the rest” and their contributions to the global community.
Sometimes, in the USA, I feel Americans are making some mistakes we used to make, I am glad to see that Zakaria see that too.
BY Yuxiang Gao
It is always interesting and for me, a Chinese, to read this kind of book which talks about how the world has been changed by “the rise of the rest” (China, India, etc).
In his book, Zakaria describes with equal prescience a world in which the United States will no longer dominate the global economy, orchestrate geopolitics, or overwhelm cultures. He sees the "rise of the rest"—the growth of countries like China, India, Brazil, Russia, and many others—as the great story of our time, and one that will reshape the world. The tallest buildings, biggest dams, largest-selling movies, and most advanced cell phones are all being built outside the United States. This economic growth is producing political confidence, national pride, and potentially international problems. How should the United States understand and thrive in this rapidly changing international climate? What does it mean to live in a truly global era? Zakaria answers these questions from his view in the book.
At the beginning of the book, Zakaria uses the context of world history to support his idea, He demonstrate that in the last five hundred years, the strengths and shortcomings of past superpowers and how they came to be superpowers. Then Zakaria switch to a point that power is shifting from the United States (and the West in general) to be distributed across a plethora of developing countries, including China, India, Brazil, Russia as well as various non-governmental organizations. Zakaria believes that China and India are quickly becoming major global players. China’s economy is growing at an astronomical rate, mainly due to the Communist government that has the ability to make policies quickly and implement them even faster. However, in the long run, politics and society may hold China back for several years before it has the ability to outrun the United States in the global race.
In this part, Zakaria poses an interesting theory. He says that the rise of “the rest” is largely due to the fact that America for the past decades has gone around the world, touting the benefits of its own methods and ideologies like capitalism and democracy. But, now that it has finally succeeded in globalizing the world with its ideas, it has “forgotten to globalize itself” and is increasingly suspicious of the success of other countries.
What I noticed is that Zakaria uses an example that the same trend in China in the early centuries of the millennium, which closed its doors to the outside world’s thoughts and innovations, dooming itself to fall behind the West in later centuries to explain the situation to America’s current behavior of egocentrism.
After that He continues to explain that many of the United States’ problems can be attributed to ignorance of the rise of countries like China and India, mainly by the government’s ignorance. He encourages U.S. policy makers to recognize these changes and then learn to compromise with other nations to overcome its’ own shear greatness of power.
In the last part of his book, Zakaria focuses on how the USA should use its power. He gives the point that U.S. must adapt its seemingly imperialistic mindset to one of integration and collaboration with other rising nations, including China and India. He even provides six general guidelines on how American power should be used in the new world, this post-American world.
Strengths
The “rise of the rest” is a very hot topic in the USA; this book is very relevant and very practical.
In my opinion, a great part of The Post-American World is that it is easy to read.
All these examples have sufficient detail and supporting documentation to make examples credible and informative, and therefore, the reader needs little knowledge of history to understand Zakaria’s arguments.
Zakaria’s style and approach to presenting his ideas are vivid. This is most likely due to his background and profession as a journalist in which his purpose is to appeal to the general public.
Another great part of this book is that in most of the books, when writer mentioned the economic examples, they are always only hard numbers, but in this book Zakaria does not neglect anthropological factors like culture, religion, and worldview. He provides a good overview of historical analogs in his analysis with all these factors.
For example, he use “close doors” example which happened in China and links it to the situation to America’s current behavior of egocentrism. For readers, it is much easier to get the writer’s idea.
Weakness
Though this book has a lot of significant strengths, it may have some bias.
From the writer’s political positions, at the first place, he labeled China as the hostile forces, just because of communism. I know this is the mainstream idea of the west world, but when economics is affected by the politics at the same time politics are affected by economics too. And I haven’t seen any analysis in this book.
Another weakness is that at the last part of the book, Zakaria provides “six simple guidelines”. Maybe because it is in the final chapter, I think there is not enough discussion about this part, “six simple guidelines” could be the whole conclusion of the book, I think Zakaria should really focus on it.
Final Thoughts
I think “The Post-American World” is a great book, it give a very vivid picture of what the United States and the west has to expect in the upcoming decades, particularly when dealing with China and India.
In fact, we can see the whole idea from the first sentence of the book, “This is a book not about the decline of America but rather about the rise of everyone else”.
As a foreign student in the USA, the topics about international relations have always been very interesting to me. Zakaria is Bombay-born immigrant, so maybe sometime his tone will make me a little uncomfortable for me, but his idea has a lot of shining places.
I am a big fan of Chinese and Indian history, so most of the examples in this book are very familiar for me. It is the first time that I read history in terms of power-shifts which is written by a foreign. I can see different thoughts form the same history because of different worldviews.
Back to the book itself, this book is very relevant and very practical for the USA now.
Again, for example, from the “close door” example in China (this example really impress me), this book can give more thinking for Americans about how they should do in the similar situation. I think it will be a strategy that is open to and willing to borrow ideas from other countries and It will also be a strategy that acknowledges the “rise of the rest” and their contributions to the global community.
Sometimes, in the USA, I feel Americans are making some mistakes we used to make, I am glad to see that Zakaria see that too.
BY Yuxiang Gao
2009年12月6日星期日
Difference between China and India
China and India had a lot similar aspects; they both have long and great histories. Today there is no doubt that China and India are becoming a very important party of the world. As an oversea chinese student, I can hear lots of interesting facts about how the Americans look upon these two countries. Today I will talk about the difference between China and India from my view.
In the 5,000 years civilization historical long river of China, what is the core of traditional Chinese culture? About this question, I can only answer, traditional Chinese culture is extensive and profound, its contain function is very strong. The Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism made great contributions to Chinese culture in the long course. Through absorbed their strong point, Chinese culture had formed a core concept gradually, it is “和为贵” thought. Translate into English，its meaning is “和is more precious”. “和” is Chinese character. Such a Chinese character includes the quintessence of traditional Chinese culture. I can’t find any word that can translate it accurately in English, because it includes too much meaning. “和” translate into English, its meaning is harmony, peace, amalgamation, friendship, kindness, harmonization… There is a common ground. That’s seeking the harmony between people and people, the harmony of people and the society, harmonization of people and nature.
The culture of India has been shaped by its long history, unique geography, diverse demographics and the absorption of customs, traditions and ideas from some of its neighbors as well as by preserving its ancient heritages, which were formed during the Indus Valley Civilization and evolved further during the Vedic age, rise and decline of Buddhism, Golden age, Muslim conquests and European colonization.
India's great diversity of religious practices, languages, customs, and traditions are examples of this unique co-mingling over the past five millennia. The various religions and traditions of India that were created by these amalgamations have influenced other parts of the world too.
Language is another key difference. Due to better educational programs and many more overseas graduates, more Indians speak English than do Chinese, giving them a distinct advantage in the international marketplace, particularly in the rapidly emerging informational sciences and service industries. It also augers well in the meetings business, where the ability to communicate with planners and delegates in what has emerged as the international language of business confers a big advantage.
There are also major differences in the respective business environments of these two countries. Selling to the Chinese, particularly in our own market, remains a real challenge for most foreigners. The rules are unique, and in many respects the norms or ethics expected by those more familiar with other western economies go out the window. In addition, to be successful in China a local
Chinese partner is necessary, and this adds another layer of complexity. Once past this initial obstacle however, the paybacks are exceptional – but it takes a lot of experience and expertise to get it right.
When I am researching resources for this paper, I have found an interesting new word-- Chindia
Chindia is a portmanteau word that refers to China and India together in general and their economies in particular. The credit of coining the now popular term goes to Jairam Ramesh, an Indian politician. China and India are geographically proximate, are both regarded as growing countries and are both among the fastest growing major economies in the world. Together, they contain about one-third of the world's population. They have been named as countries with the highest potential for growth in the next 50 years in a BRIC report.
The economic strengths of these two countries are widely considered complementary - China is perceived to be strong in manufacturing and infrastructure while India is perceived to be strong in services and information technology. China is stronger in hardware while India is stronger in software. China is stronger in physical markets while India is stronger in financial markets.
In fact, the strengths of India are very often the weaknesses of China and the strengths of China are the weaknesses of India.
The countries also share certain historical interactions - the spread of Buddhism from India to China and trade on the Silk route are famous examples.
As what I said above, there are too many connections between these two countries; I am looking forward to see what exactly India looks like next summer.
In the 5,000 years civilization historical long river of China, what is the core of traditional Chinese culture? About this question, I can only answer, traditional Chinese culture is extensive and profound, its contain function is very strong. The Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism made great contributions to Chinese culture in the long course. Through absorbed their strong point, Chinese culture had formed a core concept gradually, it is “和为贵” thought. Translate into English，its meaning is “和is more precious”. “和” is Chinese character. Such a Chinese character includes the quintessence of traditional Chinese culture. I can’t find any word that can translate it accurately in English, because it includes too much meaning. “和” translate into English, its meaning is harmony, peace, amalgamation, friendship, kindness, harmonization… There is a common ground. That’s seeking the harmony between people and people, the harmony of people and the society, harmonization of people and nature.
The culture of India has been shaped by its long history, unique geography, diverse demographics and the absorption of customs, traditions and ideas from some of its neighbors as well as by preserving its ancient heritages, which were formed during the Indus Valley Civilization and evolved further during the Vedic age, rise and decline of Buddhism, Golden age, Muslim conquests and European colonization.
India's great diversity of religious practices, languages, customs, and traditions are examples of this unique co-mingling over the past five millennia. The various religions and traditions of India that were created by these amalgamations have influenced other parts of the world too.
Language is another key difference. Due to better educational programs and many more overseas graduates, more Indians speak English than do Chinese, giving them a distinct advantage in the international marketplace, particularly in the rapidly emerging informational sciences and service industries. It also augers well in the meetings business, where the ability to communicate with planners and delegates in what has emerged as the international language of business confers a big advantage.
There are also major differences in the respective business environments of these two countries. Selling to the Chinese, particularly in our own market, remains a real challenge for most foreigners. The rules are unique, and in many respects the norms or ethics expected by those more familiar with other western economies go out the window. In addition, to be successful in China a local
Chinese partner is necessary, and this adds another layer of complexity. Once past this initial obstacle however, the paybacks are exceptional – but it takes a lot of experience and expertise to get it right.
When I am researching resources for this paper, I have found an interesting new word-- Chindia
Chindia is a portmanteau word that refers to China and India together in general and their economies in particular. The credit of coining the now popular term goes to Jairam Ramesh, an Indian politician. China and India are geographically proximate, are both regarded as growing countries and are both among the fastest growing major economies in the world. Together, they contain about one-third of the world's population. They have been named as countries with the highest potential for growth in the next 50 years in a BRIC report.
The economic strengths of these two countries are widely considered complementary - China is perceived to be strong in manufacturing and infrastructure while India is perceived to be strong in services and information technology. China is stronger in hardware while India is stronger in software. China is stronger in physical markets while India is stronger in financial markets.
In fact, the strengths of India are very often the weaknesses of China and the strengths of China are the weaknesses of India.
The countries also share certain historical interactions - the spread of Buddhism from India to China and trade on the Silk route are famous examples.
As what I said above, there are too many connections between these two countries; I am looking forward to see what exactly India looks like next summer.
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